Centos7安装cx_Oracle驱动

安装说明

• 一台cents7的机器上没有安装过oracle
• python脚本需要调用远程oracle数据库，需要cx_oracle数据库

python3.9 /data/script/datasec/test.py 
#产生报错
....
  File "/data/script/datasec/newSQL.py", line 3, in <module>
    import cx_Oracle
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'cx_Oracle'

• 这个cx_Oracle驱动非常不好装
• 以下是安装cx_Oracle的标准步骤

安装Oracle客户端

• https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/instant-client/linux-x86-64-downloads.html
• 在这个网站找到合适的版本，我下的是11.2版本，不同的系统下不同的版本
• 选择好后，需要用户名密码登陆
• 下载和安装

 wget "https://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/11204/oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm"


rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm 

• 安装完后，会有个目录：

ll /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/
total 183252
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  53865194 Aug 25  2013 libclntsh.so.11.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   7996693 Aug 25  2013 libnnz11.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1973074 Aug 25  2013 libocci.so.11.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 118738042 Aug 25  2013 libociei.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    164942 Aug 25  2013 libocijdbc11.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   2091135 Aug 25  2013 ojdbc5.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   2739616 Aug 25  2013 ojdbc6.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     66779 Aug 25  2013 xstreams.jar

• 添加一个软链

cd /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/

$ ln -s libclntsh.so.11.1 libclntsh.so

• 验证完毕，oracle客户端安装好了
• 记住/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/这个目录，后面还要用到

安装Oracle的SDK

• 还是刚才的oracle下载页里，往下拉一屏，找到sdk的下载项，这次我们下载zip格式就行

wget https://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/11204/instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip

unzip instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip 
Archive:  instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip
   creating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/
   creating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/occi.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/occiCommon.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/occiControl.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/occiData.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/occiObjects.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/occiAQ.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/oci.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/oci1.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/oci8dp.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ociap.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ociapr.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ocidef.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ocidem.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ocidfn.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ociextp.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ocikpr.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ocixmldb.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ocixstream.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/odci.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/oratypes.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ori.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/orid.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/orl.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/oro.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ort.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/xa.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/nzt.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/nzerror.h  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/include/ldap.h  
   creating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/demo/
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/demo/demo.mk  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/demo/cdemo81.c  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/demo/occidemo.sql  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/demo/occidemod.sql  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/demo/occidml.cpp  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/demo/occiobj.cpp  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/demo/occiobj.typ  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/SDK_README  
 extracting: instantclient_11_2/sdk/ottclasses.zip  
  inflating: instantclient_11_2/sdk/ott  

• 将解压出来的instantclient_11_2/sdkcopy到刚才安装客户端后出来的文件夹中

cp -r sdk /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/

ll /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/
total 183252
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  53865194 Aug 25  2013 libclntsh.so.11.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   7996693 Aug 25  2013 libnnz11.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1973074 Aug 25  2013 libocci.so.11.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 118738042 Aug 25  2013 libociei.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    164942 Aug 25  2013 libocijdbc11.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   2091135 Aug 25  2013 ojdbc5.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   2739616 Aug 25  2013 ojdbc6.jar
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root        84 Aug 25  2013 sdk
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     66779 Aug 25  2013 xstreams.jar

• 这步没有安装，准确的说是下载解压Oracle_sdk文件,不需要验证

安装cx_oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib
 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME
pip3.9 install cx_Oracle
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting cx_Oracle
  Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/63/23/d495b40eb7950e8c4d3a8f22a92552b5d173b92479c60ad7f9355ad51666/cx_Oracle-8.3.0-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (888 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 888.2/888.2 kB 9.9 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing collected packages: cx_Oracle
Successfully installed cx_Oracle-8.3.0

• 验证,不报错就成功了：

$ python3.9

$ import cx_Oracle

cx_oracle配置

• 安装好了cx_oracle，还没完
• 要做以下配置

# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle.conf
cat: /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle.conf: No such file or directory

# echo  /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib  > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle.conf

# ldconfig

• 完成